Economic Impact > Outside Resources
Last reviewed Jul 1, 2011
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CDC. Parental attitudes and experiences during school dismissals related to 2009 influenza A (H1N1) – United States, 2009. MMWR 2010 Sep 10;59(35):1131-4 [Full text]
Chen WC, Huang AS, Chuang JH, et al. Social and economic impact of school closure resulted from pandemic influenza A/H1N1. J Infect 2011 (published online Jan 20) [Abstract]
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Resources
Brookings Institution. Assessing the impact of pandemic flu. Economic Studies and Global Economy & Development briefing. Oct 19, 2006 [Transcript - PDF]
Epstein and McKibbin describe in depth the model they created to assess the impact of pandemic flu on the global economy. Of note is the Q&A on page 38, which addresses specific business questions.
Brookings Institution. Economic Studies and Global Economy & Development Briefing. Assessing the impact of pandemic flu. Presentation given Oct 19, 2006 [Full text - PDF]
Epstein and McKibbin describe the model they created to assess the impact of pandemic flu on the global economy. Of note is Table 7 on page 26, which provides a summary of the GDP losses by nation.
Brouwers L, Cakici B, Camitz M, et al. Economic consequences to society of pandemic H1N1 influenza 2009: preliminary results for Sweden. Euro Surveill 2009 Sep 17;14(37):pii: 19333 [Full text]
The authors use microsimulation to show that vaccination is highly cost-effective, even if only 60% of the population receives it.
Burns A, van der Mensbrugghe D, Timmer H. Evaluating the economic consequences of avian influenza. (World Bank report) Sep 2008 [Full text - PDF]
A six page summary of the economic consequences of a pandemic.
CDC. Parental attitudes and experiences during school dismissals related to 2009 influenza A (H1N1) – United States, 2009. MMWR 2010 Sep 10;59(35):1131-4 [Full text]
Chan M. The impact of global crises on health: money, weather and microbes. Address delivered Mar 18, 2009, at 23rd Forum on Global Issues in Berlin. [Transcript] Margaret Chan, MD, Director-General of the World Health Organization, delivers sharp indictment of policies and market forces that have led to global financial collapse and climate change and calls for "corrective strategies."
Chen WC, Huang AS, Chuang JH, et al. Social and economic impact of school closure resulted from pandemic influenza A/H1N1. J Infect 2011 (published online Jan 20) [Abstract]
Congressional Budget Office (US). A potential influenza pandemic: possible macroeconomic effects and policy issues. Jul 27, 2006 [Full text - PDF]
The official US report on the impact an influenza pandemic would have on the US economy. The assumptions on pages 48 and 50 could prove helpful in your planning.
Congressional Budget Office (US). A potential influenza pandemic: an update on possible macroeconomic effects and policy issues. Jul 27, 2006 [Full text - PDF]
Updated report suggesting that a potential flu pandemic could cause a 4.25% decline in the GDP for a severe pandemic or 1% decline in a mild pandemic.
CRS (Congressional Research Service). Would an influenza pandemic qualify as a major disaster under the Stafford Act? Posted Jan 19, 2010 (but dated Dec 15) [Full text]
DHS. Secretary Napolitano announces new standards for private sector preparedness. Press release. Jun 15, 2010. [Full text]
Drago R, Miller R. Sick at work: infected employees in the workplace during the H1N1 pandemic. Institute for Women's Policy Research briefing paper. February 2010 [Full text – PDF]
Editorial Staff. Could swine flu tip the world into deflation? Oxford Econ 2009 (published online Jun 22) [Full text]
Garrett TA. Pandemic economics: the 1918 influenza and its modern-day implications. Review (Federal Reserve Bank of St Louis) 2008 Mar/Apr;90(2):74-94 [Full text - PDF]
Detailed look at the impact the 1918 pandemic had on select cities and projections of what it would look like today.
International Monetary Fund. The global economic and financial impact of an avian flu pandemic and the role of the IMF. Feb 28, 2006 [Full text - PDF]
This 30-page document highlights many of the key points that organizations should consider regarding the financial and business continuity issues raised by a potential influenza pandemic. Key points are in bold.
InterCEP (International Center for Enterprise Preparedness), NYU). The business case for preparedness: an annotated bibliography. Aug 20, 2007 [Full text - PDF]
A detailed overview of 54 sources that highlights the business case for preparedness. Of note, InterCEP provides a summary and a key point for each source.
IOM (Institute of Medicine). The domestic and international impacts of the 2009-H1N1 influenza A pandemic: global challenges, global solutions. Dec 29, 2009 [Links to full text]
Lloyd's. Pandemic: potential insurance impacts. Oct 17, 2008 [Full text - PDF]
A review of the impact a pandemic may have on the insurance industry. They note on page 14 that the 1918 pandemic should not be assumed to be the worst case scenario.
Li Y, Hsu EB, Links JM. Healthcare system cost evaluation of antiviral stockpiling for pandemic influenza preparedness . Biosecurity and Bioterrorism: Biodefense Strategy, Practice, and Science. June 2010, 8(2): 119-128. [ Full text - PDF]
Mawani A. Making a case for investing in pandemic preparedness. Jun 2008 [Full text - PDF]
Provides a sample cost benefit analysis starting on page 28, that justifies corporate pandemic preparedness.
Lowy Institute for International Policy. Global macroeconomic consequences of pandemic influenza. Feb 2006 [Full text]
McKibbin and Sidorenko provide a detailed look at the global macroeconomic effects of pandemic influenza. Formulas, graphs, and assumptions are in the appendix.
Public Welfare Foundation. Paid sick days: attitudes and experiences. Report prepared by the National Opinion Research Center at the University of Chicago. June 2010 [Full text – PDF]
Sadique MZ, Adams EJ, Edmunds WJ. Estimating the costs of school closure for mitigating an influenza pandemic. BMC Public Health 2008 Apr 24;8:135 [Abstract]
Sadique et al take a look at the costs associated with women being out of the workforce and single fathers, in response to school closures. They found the costs to be staggering, but suggest it's worth it to save lives and to prevent illness.
Sander B, Bauch CT, Fisman D, et al. Is a mass immunization program for pandemic (H1N1) 2009 good value for money? Evidence from the Canadian experience. Vaccine 2010 (published online Jul 17) [Abstract]
Sander B, Kwong JC, Bauch CT, et al. Economic appraisal of Ontario's universal influenza immunization program: a cost-utility analysis. PLoS Med 2010 Apr 6;7(4):e1000256 [Full text]
Simeone C. The H1N1 2009 pandemic another Y2K. Continuity Insights May/June 2010. [Full text]
Trust for America's Health. Pandemic flu and the potential for U.S. economic recession: a state-by-state analysis. Released Mar 22, 2007 [Links to news release and full report]
The first report to look at the economies of each state and assess the impact of pandemic influenza. GDP losses are reported by industry for each state.
Viboud C, Miller M, Olson D, et al. Preliminary estimates of mortality and years of life lost associated with the 2009 A/H1N1 pandemic in the US and comparison with past influenza seasons. PLoS Curr Influenza 2010 [Full text]
World Economic Forum. Global Risk 2009: A Global Risk Network Report. Released Jan 2009 [Full text – PDF] The risk of a pandemic continues and is complicated by current economic issues, according the report. Using colorful graphics, the publication highlights the interlinkages of current threats. The report addresses the "risk of ignoring potential crises when dealing with a current one" and attempts to encourage long-term thinking in a sidebar titled "The Implications of Risk Myopia and Misperception" (page 12).
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